SMOKING ITEM

专利摘要:
heat source and smoking article. the present invention relates to a heat source (2) for a smoking article that has an upstream end (4) and an opposite downstream end (6) and contains a combustible carbonaceous core (8) and a layer whole peripheral, thermal insulating and non-combustible (10). the core (8) extends and from the upstream end (4) of the heat source (2) to the downstream end (6) of the heat source (2 ). the peripheral layer (10) extends from the upstream end (4) of the heat source (2), along only part of the length of the heat source (2) and circumscribes an upstream part (12) of the core (8).
公开号:BR112015004678B1
申请号:R112015004678-9
申请日:2013-08-29
公开日:2021-04-13
发明作者:Stéphane Roudier；Samuel Bonnely
申请人:Philip Morris Products S.A.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[001] The present invention relates to a smoking article that contains an isolated heat source.
[002] Several smoking articles in which the tobacco is heated instead of undergoing combustion have been proposed in the area. One of the aims of such "heated" smoking articles is to reduce the already known harmful smoke components, of the type produced by the combustion and pyrolytic degradation of tobacco, in conventional cigarettes. In a known type of heated smoking article, an aerosol is generated by the transfer of heat from a combustible heat source to an aerosol-forming substrate located downstream from the combustible heat source. During smoking, the volatile compounds are released by the aerosol-forming substrate by means of heat transfer from the combustible heat source, and are pulled together with the air drawn through the smoking article. As the released compounds cool, they condense to form an aerosol that is inhaled by the user.
[003] It is known that a heat conducting element must be included around, and in contact with, at least one rear part of the combustible heat source and at least one front part of the aerosol forming substrate of the article for heated smoking, to ensure sufficient heat transfer from the combustible heat source to the aerosol forming substrate, to obtain an acceptable aerosol. For example, WO-A2-2009 / 022232 discloses a smoking article that includes a combustible heat source, an aerosol-forming substrate downstream of the combustible heat source, and a heat conducting element around, and in direct contact with, a rear part of the combustible heat source and with an adjacent front part of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[004] The combustion temperature of a combustible heat source for use in a heated smoking article should not be so high as to result in combustion or thermal degradation of the aerosol forming material during the use of the smoking article heated. However, the combustion temperature of the combustible heat source must be high enough to generate sufficient heat to release sufficient volatile compounds from the aerosol-forming material to produce an acceptable aerosol, especially during the initial puffs.
[005] A number of combustible carbon-containing heat sources, intended for use in heated smoking articles, have been proposed in the area. The combustion temperature of combustible carbon-containing heat sources, intended for use in heated smoking articles, is typically between approximately 600 ° C and 800 ° C. Heated smoking articles that include combustible carbon-containing heat sources may have an undesirable high propensity for ignition due to the high combustion temperature of combustible carbon-containing heat sources.
[006] It is known that an insulating component should be wrapped around the periphery of the combustible heat source containing carbon, of a heated smoking article, in order to reduce the propensity for ignition of the heated smoking article. The inclusion of an insulating component that circumscribes the carbon-containing combustible heat source of a heated smoking article reduces the propensity to ignite the heated smoking article, reducing the surface temperature of the heated smoking article.
[007] For example, US-A-4,714,082 discloses a smoking article that includes a fuel element containing combustible carbon, an aerosol generating medium, a heat conducting component and a peripheral insulating component of resistant material, which does not burn, such as a glass fiber coating. The insulating component circumscribes at least a part of the fuel element and, advantageously, at least a part of the aerosol generating means.
[008] The inclusion of a non-integral insulating component as disclosed in US-A-4,714,082, may result in a heated smoking article with a cross-section, which is not constant, along the length of the smoking article. This may adversely affect the appearance of the heated smoking article and make it more difficult to safely secure the carbon-containing combustible heat source within the heated smoking article. The inclusion of a non-integral insulating component can also increase the complexity of assembling the heated smoking article.
[009] It would be desirable to provide an insulated heat source, intended for a smoking article, which has a reduced propensity to ignition, an acceptable appearance and which can be safely assembled.
[0010] Likewise, it would be desirable to provide an isolated heat source, intended for a smoking article, which has a reduced propensity to ignition and which provides an acceptable aerosol during both the initial and final puffs.
[0011] According to the invention, there is a heat source, intended for a smoking article, which has an upstream end and an opposite downstream end; the heat source includes: a carbonaceous fuel core; and an entire peripheral layer, thermal insulating and non-combustible. The core extends from the upstream end of the heat source to the downstream end of the heat source. The peripheral layer extends from the end upstream of the heat source, along only part of the length of the heat source and circumscribes a part upstream of the core.
[0012] According to the invention, there is also a smoking article which includes a heat source according to the invention; an aerosol-forming substrate downstream of the heat source; and a combustion-resistant and heat-conducting enclosure surrounding, and in direct contact with, an upstream part of the aerosol forming substrate and a downstream part of the heat source core.
[0013] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "front", "downstream" and "rear / rear" are used to describe the relative positions of components or parts of components, of smoking articles from according to the invention, and in relation to the direction in which a user approaches the article to smoke while using that article. The smoking articles according to the invention comprise a mouth end and an opposite distal end. During use, the user aspires through the mouth end of the article to smoke. The end of the mouth is downstream of the distal end. The heat source is located at or near the distal end of the smoking article.
[0014] As used herein, the term "carbonaceous" is used to describe a carbon-containing core or layer.
[0015] As used in this document, the term "whole / whole" is used to describe a layer that is in direct contact with the core and bonded to it without the aid of an extrinsic adhesive or other intermediate bonding material.
[0016] As used herein, the term "extrinsic adhesive" is used to describe an adhesive that is not a component of the core or the peripheral layer.
[0017] As used herein, the term "non-combustible" is used to describe a substantially non-combustible layer, barrier or material at temperatures reached by the heat source during combustion or ignition of the carbonaceous fuel core.
[0018] The peripheral, thermal insulating and non-combustible layer must be stable at temperatures to which it is subjected during ignition and combustion of the core, and must remain substantially intact during the ignition and combustion of the core.
[0019] As used in this document, the term "peripheral layer" is used to describe an outer layer more distant from the heat sources according to the invention.
[0020] As used in this document, the term "thermal insulating layer" is used to describe a layer containing a thermal insulating material.
[0021] As used in this document, the term "thermal insulating material" is used to describe material that has a mass thermal conductivity of less than approximately 50 milliwatts per meter Kelvin (mWZ (mK)) at 23 ° C and a humidity 50% relative, as measured using the Modified Transient Plane Source (MTPS) method.
[0022] Preferably, the peripheral, thermal insulating and non-combustible layer contains a thermal insulating material with a thermal diffusivity in mass less than or equal to approximately 0.01 square centimeters per second (cm2Zs), as measured using the laser flash method .
[0023] Preferably, for use in smoking articles according to the invention, the outer surface of the peripheral, thermal insulating and non-combustible layer should not exceed approximately 350 C.
[0024] The air permeability of the thermal insulating peripheral layer must be sufficient to allow sufficient oxygen to reach the combustible carbonaceous core to support its combustion.
[0025] As used herein, the term "length" is used to describe the maximum longitudinal dimension of the heat sources and smoking articles according to the invention, between the upstream end and the downstream end of that article.
[0026] As used herein, the term "aerosol-forming substrate" is used to describe a substrate capable of releasing, upon heating, volatile compounds that can form an aerosol.
[0027] As used herein, the term "heat conductor" is used to describe the enclosure made of material that has a mass thermal conductivity of at least approximately 10 W per meter Kelvin (W / (m ^ K)) at 23 ° C and a relative humidity of 50%, as measured using the modified transient flat source method (MTPS). In some embodiments, the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing is preferably made of a material having a mass thermal conductivity of at least approximately 100 W per meter Kelvin (W / (m ^ K)), more preferably of at least 200 W per meter Kelvin (W / (m ^ K)), at 23 C and a relative humidity of 50%, as measured using the modified transient flat source method (MTPS).
[0028] As used herein, the term "combustion resistant" is used to describe an enclosure that remains substantially intact during ignition and combustion of the core.
[0029] Aerosols generated from the aerosol forming substrates of the smoking articles according to the invention may be visible or invisible and may include vapors (for example, fine particles of substances that are in the gaseous state and which are normally liquid or solid. at room temperature), as well as gases and liquid droplets from condensed vapors.
[0030] The inclusion of an entire peripheral layer, thermal insulating and non-combustible, advantageously helps to reduce the propensity for ignition of smoking articles containing heat sources according to the invention, by reducing the surface temperature of the smoking article.
[0031] The combustible carbonaceous core extends along the length of the heat source, from the upstream end of the heat source to the downstream end of that source. The entire peripheral layer, thermally insulating and non-combustible, extends from the end upstream of the heat source, along only part of the length of the heat source, and circumscribes a part upstream of the combustible carbonaceous core.
[0032] During use in the smoking articles according to the invention, the heat generated during the combustion of the heat source core is transferred by conduction to the aerosol forming substrate downstream of the heat source, through the housing combustion resistant and heat conductive. The reduced length of the peripheral layer, compared to the core, allows the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting shell to be in direct contact with a downstream part of the combustible carbonaceous core of the heat source that is not circumscribed by the peripheral layer. This helps to advantageously achieve a sufficiently high conduction heat transfer from the heat source for the aerosol forming substrate to produce an acceptable aerosol.
[0033] The heat sources according to the invention can be produced with different shapes and dimensions, depending on their intended use.
The heat sources according to the invention can have a mass between about 300 mg and about 500 mg, for example, a mass between about 400 mg and about 450 mg.
[0035] Preferably, the heat sources according to the invention are substantially cylindrical. In some embodiments, the term "peripheral layer" is used to describe an annular layer, radially more external to the heat sources according to the invention.
[0036] The cylindrical heat sources according to the invention can be of substantially circular cross-section or substantially elliptical cross-section.
[0037] Preferably, the heat sources according to the invention have a length of about 5 mm and about 20 mm, more preferably between about 7 mm and about 15 mm, more preferably between about 11 mm and about 13 mm.
[0038] Preferably, the heat sources according to the invention are of substantially constant diameter. As used herein, the term "diameter" is used to describe the maximum transverse dimension of the heat sources according to the invention.
[0039] In such embodiments, the diameter of the part upstream of the nucleus circumscribed by the peripheral layer is smaller than the diameter of the part of the nucleus which is not circumscribed by the peripheral layer. The difference in diameter is approximately equal to twice the thickness of the peripheral layer.
[0040] As used in this document, the term "thickness" is used to describe the maximum transverse dimension of layers of the heat sources according to the invention.
[0041] Preferably, the heat sources according to the invention have a diameter between about 5 mm and about 10 mm, more preferably between about 7 mm and about 8 mm.
[0042] Preferably, the length of the peripheral layer is at least about 2 mm less than the length of the heat source, more preferably at least about 3 mm less than the length of the heat source. The difference in length between the peripheral layer and the heat source is equal to the length of the part of the core that is not circumscribed by the heat source.
Preferably, the peripheral layer is between about 3 mm and about 18 mm in length, more preferably between about 4 mm and about 12 mm, more preferably between about 7 mm and about 9 mm.
[0044] Preferably, the peripheral layer has a thickness less than or equal to approximately 1.5 mm. More preferably, the peripheral layer has a thickness of between about 0.5 mm and about 1.5 mm.
[0045] The heat sources according to the invention have a combustible carbonaceous core that contains carbon as a fuel.
[0046] The carbon content of the core can be at least about 5 percent dry weight. For example, the carbon content of the core can be at least about 10 percent, at least about 20 percent, at least about 30 percent, or at least about 40 percent dry weight .
[0047] Preferably, the core has a carbon content of at least about 35 percent, more preferably at least about 40 percent, more preferably at least about 45 percent dry weight.
[0048] In some embodiments, the heat sources according to the invention can include a core based on combustible carbon.
[0049] As used in this document, the term "carbon base" is used to describe a nucleus consisting primarily of carbon. That is, a core with a carbon content of at least 50 percent.
[0050] For example, the heat sources according to the invention can include combustible carbon-based cores with a carbon content of at least about 60 percent, at least about 70 percent or at least about 80 percent dry weight.
[0051] The core of the heat sources according to the invention can be made of one or more suitable materials that contain carbon. Suitable carbon-containing materials are well known in the art and include, without limitation, carbon powder.
[0052] Preferably, the core still contains at least one ignition aid.
[0053] As used herein, the term "ignition aid" is used to describe a material that releases oxygen and / or energy during ignition of the core, where the rate of release of oxygen and / or energy by the material does not is limited by the diffusion of ambient oxygen. In other words, the rate of release of oxygen and / or energy by the material during ignition of the core is largely independent of the rate at which ambient oxygen can reach the material. As used herein, the term "ignition aid" is also used to describe an elementary metal that releases energy during ignition of the core, in which case the ignition temperature of the elemental metal is less than approximately 500 ° C, and the combustion heat of the elemental metal is at least approximately 5 kJ / g.
[0054] As used herein, the term "ignition aid" does not include alkali metal salts of carboxylic acids (such as alkali metal citrate, alkali metal acetate and alkali metal succinate), alkali metal halide (such alkali metal chloride), alkali metal carbonate or alkali metal phosphate, which are believed to modify carbon combustion.
[0055] During use, the release of oxygen and / or energy by at least one ignition aid, during ignition of the core, results in an increase in the core temperature, when ignition occurs. This is reflected in an increase in the temperature of the heat source. During use in a smoking article according to the invention, this advantageously ensures that sufficient heat is available to be transferred from the heat source to the aerosol forming substrate of the smoking article, thus facilitating the production of an acceptable aerosol during the first puffs.
[0056] Preferably, at least one ignition aid is present in an amount of at least approximately 20 percent dry weight of the core.
[0057] It should be noted that the amount of at least one ignition aid that must be included in the core of a heat source, in accordance with the invention, in order to achieve a sufficient increase in temperature will vary depending on at least a specific ignition aid included in the core.
[0058] In general, the greater the amount of oxygen and / or energy released by at least one ignition aid per unit of mass, the smaller the amount of at least one ignition aid that must be included in the core of a heat source according to the invention.
[0059] In some embodiments, the at least one ignition aid is preferably present in the amount of at least about 25 percent, more preferably at least about 30 percent, more preferably at least about 40 percent cent dry weight.
[0060] Preferably, the at least one ignition aid is present in an amount of less than about 65 percent dry weight of the core.
[0061] In some embodiments, the at least one ignition aid is preferably present in an amount of less than about 60 percent, more preferably less than about 55 in dry weight of the core, more preferably less than about 50 percent cent dry weight of the core.
[0062] Ignition aids suitable for use in the core of the heat sources according to the invention are known in the art.
[0063] The nucleus may include one or more ignition aids that consist of a single element or compound that releases energy in the ignition of the nucleus. The release of energy by one or more ignition aids, when the ignition of the nucleus occurs, directly causes an "increase" in temperature, during an initial phase of the combustion of the nucleus.
[0064] For example, in certain embodiments, the nucleus may comprise one or more energetic materials that consist of a single element or compound that reacts exothermically with oxygen when the nucleus ignites. Examples of suitable energetic materials include, but are not limited to, aluminum, iron, magnesium and zirconium.
[0065] Alternatively or in addition, the nucleus may contain one or more ignition aids that include two or more elements or compounds that react with each other to release energy in the ignition of the nucleus.
[0066] For example, in some embodiments, the core may contain one or more termites or termite compounds that comprise a reducing agent such as, for example, a metal, and an oxidizing agent such as, for example, a metal oxide, which react with each other to release energy when the core ignites. Examples of suitable metals include, but are not limited to, magnesium, and examples of suitable metal oxides include, but are not limited to, iron oxide (Fe2O3) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3)
[0067] In other embodiments, the core may contain one or more ignition aids that include other materials that are subjected to exothermic reactions when the ignition of the core occurs. Examples of suitable metals include, but are not limited to, intermetallic materials and bimetallic materials, metal carbides and metal hydrides.
[0068] Preferably, the nucleus contains at least one ignition aid that releases oxygen during the ignition of the nucleus. In such embodiments, the release of oxygen by at least one ignition aid, in igniting the core, indirectly results in an "increase" in temperature during the initial phase of combustion of the core, increasing the rate of combustion of the core. This is reflected in the temperature profile of the heat source.
[0069] For example, the nucleus may contain one or more oxidizing agents that decompose to release oxygen upon ignition of the nucleus. The core may contain organic oxidizing agents, inorganic oxidizing agents or a combination of them. Examples of suitable oxidizing agents include, but are not limited to: nitrates such as, for example, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, strontium nitrate, sodium nitrate, barium nitrate, lithium nitrate, aluminum nitrate and iron nitrate ; nitrites; other organic and inorganic nitrated compounds; chlorates, such as, for example, sodium chlorate and potassium chlorate; perchlorates, such as, for example, sodium perchlorate; chlorides; bromates, such as, for example, sodium bromate and potassium bromate; perbromates; bromides; borates, such as, for example, sodium borate and potassium borate; ferrates, such as, for example, barium ferrate ferrate; ferrite; manganates, such as, for example, potassium manganate; permanganates, such as, for example, potassium permanganate; organic peroxides, such as, for example, benzoyl peroxide and acetone peroxide; inorganic peroxides, such as, for example, hydrogen peroxide, strontium peroxide, magnesium peroxide, calcium peroxide, barium peroxide, zinc peroxide and lithium peroxide; superoxides, such as, for example, potassium superoxide and sodium superoxide; carbonates; iodates; periodates; iodides; sulfates; sulfites; other sulfoxides; phosphates; phosphinates; phosphites; and phosphates.
[0070] The core of the heat sources according to the invention may include one or more ignition aids consisting of a single element or compound that releases oxygen when the core ignites. Alternatively or in addition, the heat source core according to the invention may contain one or more ignition aids that contain two or more elements or compounds that react with each other to release oxygen when the core ignites.
[0071] The nucleus may contain one or more ignition aids that release energy and oxygen when the nucleus ignites. For example, the nucleus may contain one or more oxidizing agents that decompose exothermically to release oxygen when the nucleus ignites.
[0072] Alternatively or additionally, the core may contain one or more primary ignition aids, which release energy when ignition of the core occurs, and one or more secondary ignition aids, which are different from the auxiliary (s) primary ignition (s), which release oxygen when ignition of the nucleus occurs.
[0073] In some embodiments, the core may contain at least one metal nitrate salt, with a thermal decomposition temperature of less than about 600 ° C, more preferably less than about 400 C. Preferably, the at least one metal nitrate salt has a decomposition temperature between about 150 C and about 600 C, more preferably between about 200 C and about 400 C.
[0074] In such embodiments, when the core is exposed to a yellow flame from a conventional igniter or other means of ignition, at least one metal nitrate salt decomposes to release oxygen and energy. This causes an initial increase in the temperature of the heat source and also helps in igniting the core. After the total decomposition of at least one metal nitrate salt, the core continues to burn at a lower temperature.
[0075] The inclusion of at least one metal nitrate salt results, advantageously, in the ignition of the core that is being started internally and not just at a point on its surface.
[0076] Preferably, at least one metal nitrate salt is selected from the group consisting of potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, strontium nitrate, barium nitrate, lithium nitrate, aluminum nitrate and iron nitrate their combinations.
[0077] In certain embodiments, the core may include at least two different metal nitrate salts. In one embodiment, the core contains potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate and strontium nitrate.
[0078] In certain preferred embodiments, the core contains at least one peroxide or superoxide that actively produces oxygen at a temperature below about 600 ° C, more preferably at a temperature below about 400 ° C.
[0079] Preferably, at least one peroxide or superoxide actively produces oxygen at a temperature between about 150 C and about 600 ° C, more preferably between about 200 C and about 400 C, more preferably at a temperature of about 350 C.
[0080] In such embodiments, when the core is exposed to a yellow flame from a conventional lighter or other means of ignition, at least one peroxide or superoxide decomposes to release oxygen. This causes an initial rise in the core temperature and also helps in igniting the core. After the total decomposition of at least one peroxide or superoxide, the core continues to burn at a lower temperature.
[0081] The inclusion of at least one peroxide or superperoxide results, advantageously, in the ignition of the nucleus that is being started internally and not just at a point on its surface.
[0082] Examples of suitable peroxides and superperoxides include, but are not limited to: strontium peroxide; magnesium peroxide; barium peroxide, lithium peroxide; zinc peroxide; potassium superoxide and sodium superoxide.
[0083] Preferably, at least one peroxide is selected from the group consisting of calcium peroxide, strontium peroxide, magnesium peroxide, barium peroxide and their combinations.
[0084] As an alternative, or in addition to at least an ignition aid, the core may contain one or more additives to improve the properties of the heat source. Suitable additives include, but are not limited to, additives to promote the consolidation of the heat source (for example, sintering aids, such as calcium carbonate), additives to promote the combustion of the fuel core (for example, burning salts alkali metals and potassium, for example, potassium salts, such as potassium chloride and potassium citrate) and additives to promote the decomposition of one or more gases produced by the combustion of the core, for example, catalysts, such as copper (CuO), iron oxide (Fe2O3), iron oxide silicate powder and aluminum oxide (Al2O3).
[0085] The composition of the upstream part of the carbonaceous fuel core from heat sources, according to the invention, and which is circumscribed by the peripheral layer may be substantially the same as the composition of the part downstream from the core which is not circumscribed by the peripheral layer.
[0086] Alternatively, the composition of the upstream part of the carbonaceous fuel core of the heat sources, according to the invention, which is surrounded by the peripheral layer may be different from the composition of the downstream part of the core which is not circumscribed by the layer peripheral.
[0087] The combustible carbonaceous core of the heat sources according to the invention may contain two or more layers of different compositions.
[0088] In certain preferred embodiments, the core includes a first layer containing carbon and a second layer containing at least one ignition aid, in which case the composition of the first layer is different from the composition of the second layer.
[0089] The inclusion in the core of heat sources, according to the invention, of a first layer containing carbon and a second layer containing at least one ignition aid allows different temperature profiles to be provided during the first puffs and the final puffs on smoking articles according to the invention. This advantageously facilitates smoking articles to produce an acceptable aerosol, according to the invention, during the first and the last puffs.
[0090] Flames and sparks may be associated with the use of certain ignition aids and other additives in heat sources for smoking articles. The inclusion in the core of heat sources according to the invention of a first layer containing carbon and a second layer containing at least one ignition aid allows such additives to be located in a position within the core of the heat source, in which case that the occurrence and / or visibility of flames and sparks is eliminated or reduced.
[0091] In certain preferred embodiments, the first layer contains carbon and at least one ignition aid, and the second layer contains carbon and at least one ignition aid, in which the dry weight ratio of carbon to the auxiliary Ignition in the first layer is different from the dry weight ratio of carbon to the ignition aid in the second layer.
[0092] In certain particularly preferred embodiments, the first fuel layer contains carbon and at least one peroxide, and the second layer contains carbon and at least one peroxide, wherein the dry weight ratio of carbon to peroxide in the first layer of fuel is different from the dry weight ratio of carbon to peroxide in the second layer.
[0093] In certain particularly preferred embodiments, the first layer of fuel contains carbon and calcium peroxide, and the second layer contains carbon and calcium peroxide in which the dry weight ratio of carbon to calcium peroxide in the first layer of fuel is different from the dry weight ratio of carbon to calcium peroxide in the second layer.
[0094] In embodiments in which the first layer and the second layer contain at least one ignition aid, the content of the second layer ignition aid is preferably greater than the content of the first layer ignition aid .
[0095] In embodiments in which the first layer and the second layer contain at least one ignition aid, the ignition aid (s) in the first layer may be the same or different ) to the second layer ignition aid (s).
[0096] The first layer and the second layer can be longitudinal layers.
[0097] As used in this document, the term "longitudinal" is used to describe layers that lie along an interface that extends the length of the core of the heat source.
[0098] In certain embodiments, the first layer and the second layer can be concentric longitudinal layers. In other embodiments, the first layer and the second layer can be non-concentric longitudinal layers.
[0099] In certain preferred embodiments, the first layer can be an outer longitudinal layer and the second layer can be an inner longitudinal layer, which is circumscribed by the first layer. In such embodiments, the second layer can advantageously act as a "fuse" when the core of the heat source ignites. In addition, in such embodiments, the occurrence and / or visibility of flames and sparks associated with the use of certain ignition aids and other additives can be advantageously eliminated or reduced by including these additives in the second core layer of the heat source, while eliminating or reducing the presence of these additives in the first layer of the heat source core.
[00100] Alternatively, the first layer and the second layer can be transversal layers.
[00101] As used in this document, the term "transverse" is used to describe layers that are found along an interface that extends across the width of the core of the heat source.
[00102] In certain embodiments, the second layer may be downstream of the first layer.
[00103] In certain preferred embodiments, the second layer can be downstream of the first layer, and the peripheral layer can circumscribe the first layer of the core. During use in the smoking articles according to the invention, this allows the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting shell to be in direct contact with the second core layer of the heat source which is not circumscribed by the peripheral layer. In such embodiments, the occurrence and / or visibility of flames and sparks associated with the use of certain ignition aids and other additives can be advantageously eliminated or reduced by including these additives in the second layer of the source source core. heat circumscribed by the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting shell, while eliminating or reducing the presence of these additives in the first layer of the heat source core.
[00104] The heat sources according to the invention contain a non-combustible thermal insulating peripheral layer.
[00105] Preferably, the peripheral layer includes at least about 90 weight percent dry thermal insulation material. For example, the peripheral layer can include between about 90 percent dry weight and about 100 percent dry weight of thermal insulating material.
[00106] The peripheral layer can be made with one or more thermal insulating materials. As an alternative or in addition, the peripheral layer can be made with one or more precursor materials that decompose to form one or more thermal insulating materials when the core ignites.
[00107] It should be noted that the amount of thermal insulating material that must be included in the peripheral layer of a heat source, in accordance with the invention, in order to achieve a sufficient reduction in the propensity to ignition, will vary depending on the material specific thermal insulator included in the peripheral layer.
[00108] In general, the lower the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of the thermal insulating material, the smaller the amount of thermal insulating material that must be included in the peripheral layer of a heat source according to the invention.
[00109] The peripheral layer may contain one or more thermal insulating powder materials, one or more thermal insulating foams, one or more thermal insulating wools or a combination of these.
[00110] Thermal insulating materials suitable for use in the peripheral layer of the heat sources according to the invention are known in the art. Examples of suitable thermal insulating materials include, but are not limited to: clays such as, for example, bentonite, kaolinite; table ceramics, such as, for example, earthenware, porcelain and earthenware; technical ceramics, such as, for example, carbides (such as titanium carbide and zirconium carbide), nitrides (such as potassium nitride and sodium nitride), oxides (such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide and oxide of cerium) and silicides (such as magnesium silicide and potassium silicide); minerals, such as, for example, gypsum; and rocks, such as, for example, igneous rocks (such as granite, obsidian, slag and tuff); sedimentary rocks (such as chalk, clay stone, diatomaceous earth and limestone) and metamorphic rocks (such as gneiss and shale).
[00111] In certain preferred embodiments, the peripheral layer contains one or more thermal insulating materials selected from the group consisting of diatomaceous earth, gypsum and bentonite.
[00112] The peripheral layer and / or the core of heat sources according to the invention may also contain one or more binders.
[00113] The binder (s) can be organic binders, inorganic binders or a combination thereof.
Suitable known organic binders include, but are not limited to: gums, such as, for example, guar gum; modified celluloses and cellulose derivatives such as, for example, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; flour; starches; sugars; vegetable oils and their combinations.
Suitable known inorganic binders include, but are not limited to: clays such as, for example, bentonite and kaolinite; aluminosilicate derivatives, such as, for example, cement, alkaline activated aluminosilicates; alkaline silicates, such as, for example, sodium silicates and potassium silicates; limestone derivatives, such as, for example, limestone and hydrated lime; alkaline earth compounds and their derivatives, such as, for example, magnesia cement, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium phosphate and dicalcium phosphate; and aluminum compounds and their derivatives, such as, for example, aluminum sulfate.
[00116] In certain embodiments, the core can be made of a mixture containing: carbon powder; modified cellulose, such as, for example, carboxymethylcellulose; flour, such as, for example, wheat flour; and sugar, such as, for example, white crystal sugar derived from beet.
[00117] In other embodiments, the core can be made of a mixture containing: carbon powder; modified cellulose, such as, for example, carboxymethylcellulose; and, optionally, bentonite.
[00118] In certain embodiments, the peripheral layer can be made with a mixture containing: one or more thermal insulating materials and modified cellulose, such as, for example, carboxymethylcellulose.
[00119] To make heat sources according to the invention, the components of the non-combustible thermal insulating peripheral layer and the components of the combustible carbonaceous core are mixed and shaped into a desired shape. Peripheral layer components and core components can be shaped into a desired shape using any known known ceramic forming methods, such as, for example, paste molding, extrusion, injection molding and mold pressing or compacting or a combination of these. Preferably, the peripheral layer components and the core components are shaped into a desired shape by pressing or extruding or a combination of them.
[00120] In certain embodiments, the heat sources according to the invention can be made by forming the peripheral layer and the core using a unique method.
[00121] For example, the heat sources according to the invention can be made by forming the peripheral layer and the core by extrusion.
[00122] As an alternative, heat sources according to the invention can be made by forming the peripheral layer and the core by pressing.
[00123] In other embodiments, the heat sources according to the invention can be made by forming the peripheral layer and the core using one or more different methods.
[00124] For example, when the core of heat sources according to the invention comprises two or more transverse layers, the heat sources according to the invention can be made by forming the peripheral layer and the first layer of the core by pressing and by forming the second layer of the core by pressing.
[00125] Preferably, the components of the peripheral layer and the components of the core are molded on a cylindrical rod. However, it should be noted that the peripheral layer components and the core components can be shaped into other desired shapes.
[00126] After forming, the cylindrical rod or other desired shape can be dried to reduce its moisture content.
[00127] The heat source formed is preferably not pyrolysed where the core comprises at least one ignition aid selected from the group consisting of peroxides, termites, intermetallic, magnesium, aluminum and zirconium.
[00128] In other embodiments, the heat source formed can be pyrolysed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, at a temperature sufficient to carbonize any binder, if present, and substantially eliminate any volatile substances from the formed heat source. In such embodiments, the heat source formed is preferably pyrolysed in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature between about 700 C and about 900 C.
[00129] The smoking articles according to the invention include a combustion-resistant and heat-conducting wrapper that is around and in direct contact with a downstream part of the aerosol-forming substrate and an upstream part of the source core of heat.
[00130] In certain embodiments, substantially, the entire length of the heat source can be wrapped in the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing. In such embodiments, the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing is around and in direct contact with the peripheral layer and with a part downstream of the core of the heat source.
[00131] In preferred embodiments, an upstream part of the heat source is not involved in the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing.
[00132] Preferably, the part upstream of the heat source not involved in the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing is between about 4 mm and about 15 mm in length, more preferably between about 4 mm and the 8 mm in length.
[00133] Preferably, the part downstream of the heat source enclosed in the combustion resistant housing is between about 2 mm and about 8 mm in length, more preferably between about 3 mm and about 5 mm in length.
[00134] In certain preferred embodiments, substantially, the entire length of the peripheral layer is not involved in the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting shell.
[00135] As previously defined, the heat generated during the combustion of the heat source core is transferred by conduction to the aerosol-forming substrate downstream of the heat source through the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting shell. This can significantly affect the temperature of the downstream part of the core.
[00136] The heat drainage exerted by the transfer of heat by conduction through the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting enclosure can significantly decrease the temperature of the downstream part of the core involved in the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting enclosure and maintain the temperature of the part upstream of the core significantly below its auto-ignition temperature.
[00137] The combustion-resistant and heat-conducting enclosure may be an oxygen-restricted enclosure that restricts or prevents oxygen access to the downstream part of the core enclosed in the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting enclosure. For example, the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing may be a substantially oxygen-impermeable housing.
[00138] In such embodiments, the downstream part of the core involved in the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing will not substantially have access to oxygen and therefore cannot not ignite during the use of the smoking article .
[00139] Preferably, the combustion-resistant enclosure is conductive of heat and has oxygen restriction.
[00140] Combustion resistant and heat conductive housings suitable for use in the smoking articles according to the invention include, but are not limited to: sheet metal housings, such as aluminum foil housings, aluminum housings, steel foil and iron foil shells and copper foil shells; alloy foil wrappers; graphite sheet wrappers and certain ceramic fiber wrappers.
[00141] Preferably, the aerosol forming substrate has a length between frame of 5 mm and frame of 20 mm, more preferably between about 8 mm and about 12 mm.
[00142] In certain embodiments, substantially, the entire length of the aerosol-forming substrate can be wrapped in the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing.
[00143] In preferred embodiments, a downstream part of the aerosol-forming substrate is not involved in the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing.
[00144] In certain preferred embodiments, the aerosol-forming substrate extends at least approximately 3 mm downstream beyond the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing.
[00145] In other preferred embodiments, the aerosol-forming substrate may extend less than 3 mm downstream beyond the heat conducting element.
[00146] Preferably, the upstream part of the aerosol-forming substrate involved in the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing is between about 2 mm and about 10 mm in length, more preferably between about 3 mm and about 8 mm in length, more preferably between about 4 mm and about 6 mm in length.
[00147] Preferably, the downstream part of the aerosol-forming substrate not involved in the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing is about 3 mm and about 10 mm in length. In other words, the aerosol-forming substrate preferably extends from about 3 mm to about 10 mm downstream beyond the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting shell. More preferably, the aerosol-forming substrate extends at least about 4 mm downstream beyond the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting shell.
[00148] Preferably, the aerosol forming substrate contains at least one aerosol former and at least one material capable of emitting volatile compounds in response to heating.
[00149] The at least one aerosol former can be any suitable compound or mixture of known compounds which, in use, facilitates the formation of a dense and stable aerosol, and which is substantially resistant to thermal degradation at the operating temperature of the article to smoke. Suitable aerosol builders are well known in the art and include, for example, polyhydric alcohols, esters of polyhydric alcohols, such as mono-, di- or triacetate glycerol and aliphatic esters of mono-, di- or polycarboxylic acids, such as dimethyl dodecanedioate and dimethyl tetradecanedioate. Preferred aerosol builders for use in the smoking articles according to the invention are polyhydric alcohols or mixtures thereof, such as triethylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol and, more preferably, glycerin.
[00150] Preferably, the material capable of emitting volatile compounds in response to heating is a charge of plant-based material, more preferably a charge of homogenized plant-based material. For example, the aerosol-forming substrate may contain one or more plant-derived materials, including, but not limited to: tobacco; tea, for example, green tea; pepper mint; blond; eucalyptus; basil; sage; verbena and tarragon. The plant-based material may contain additives, including, but not limited to humectants, flavorings, binders and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the herbal material consists essentially of tobacco material, more preferably of homogenized tobacco material.
[00151] Preferably, the smoking articles according to the invention include aerosol-forming substrates containing nicotine. More preferably, the smoking articles according to the invention include aerosol-forming substrates containing tobacco.
[00152] The smoking articles according to the invention may include a heat source according to the invention and an aerosol forming substrate located immediately downstream of the heat source. In such embodiments, the aerosol-forming substrate may adjoin the heat source.
[00153] Alternatively, smoking articles according to the invention may include a heat source according to the invention and an aerosol-forming substrate located downstream of the heat source, in which case the aerosol-forming substrate is separated of the heat source.
[00154] The smoking articles according to the invention may include a non-combustible barrier, substantially impermeable to air, between the downstream end of the heat source and an upstream end of the aerosol forming substrate.
[00155] The barrier may be adjacent to the downstream end of the heat source and / or to the upstream end of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[00156] The barrier may be adhered to, or otherwise affixed to, the downstream end of the heat source and / or the upstream end of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[00157] In some embodiments, the barrier contains a barrier coating provided on one side of the end downstream of the heat source. In such embodiments, preferably, the barrier contains a barrier coating provided on at least substantially the entire face of the end downstream of the heat source. More preferably, the barrier contains a barrier coating provided across the face of the end downstream of the heat source.
[00158] As used in this document, the term "coating" is used to describe a layer of material that covers and adheres to the heat source.
[00159] The barrier can advantageously limit the temperature to which the aerosol-forming substrate is exposed during ignition or combustion of the heat source, and thus helps to prevent or reduce thermal degradation or combustion of the heat source. aerosol-forming substrate when using the smoking article.
[00160] Depending on the characteristics and the desired performance for the smoking article, the barrier may have a low thermal conductivity or a high thermal conductivity. In some embodiments, the barrier can be made of a material that has a mass thermal conductivity between about 0.1 milliwatts per meter Kelvin (mWZ (mK)) and about 200 milliwatts per meter Kelvin (mWZ (m ^ K)), at 23 ° C and a relative humidity of 50%, as measured using the modified transient flat source method (MTPS).
[00161] The thickness of the barrier can be adjusted appropriately to achieve a good smoking performance. In certain embodiments, the barrier can have a thickness between about 10 microns and about 500 microns.
[00162] The barrier can be made with one or more suitable materials that are substantial and thermally stable and non-combustible at temperatures reached by the heat source during the ignition and combustion of the core. Suitable materials are known in the art and include, but are not limited to, clays (such as, for example, bentonite and kaolinite), glass, minerals, ceramic materials, metals, resins and combinations thereof.
[00163] Preferred materials with which the barrier can be made include clays and glass. The most preferred materials with which the barrier can be made include copper, aluminum, stainless steel, alloys, alumina (Al2O3), resins and mineral glues.
[00164] The smoking articles according to the invention may comprise blind heat sources according to the invention.
[00165] As used in this document, the term "blind" is used to describe a heat source of a smoking article, according to the invention, in which the air sucked through the smoking article for inhalation by the user does not pass through the airflow channels along the heat source.
[00166] As used in this document, the term "airflow channel" is used to describe a channel that extends along the length of a heat source through which air can be sucked downstream for inhalation by the user .
[00167] In smoking articles according to the invention, which contain blind heat sources, the transfer of heat from the heat source to the aerosol-forming substrate occurs mainly by conduction, and heating of the aerosol-forming substrate by convection is minimized or reduced. This advantageously helps to minimize or reduce the impact of the user's puffing regime on the main aerosol composition of smoking articles according to the invention, containing blind heat sources according to the invention.
[00168] It should be noted that the smoking articles according to the invention may comprise blind heat sources that contain one or more closed or blocked passages through which air cannot be sucked in by the user for inhalation. For example, smoking articles according to the invention may comprise blind heat sources that contain one or more closed passages that extend from a face of the end upstream of the heat source, only a part along the length of the heat source.
[00169] In such embodiments, the inclusion of one or more closed air passages increases the surface area of the heat source that is exposed to the oxygen in the air and can advantageously facilitate the ignition and continuous combustion of the core of the heat source.
[00170] In other embodiments, the smoking articles according to the invention may comprise non-blind sources of heat according to the invention.
[00171] As used in this document, the term "not blind" is used to describe a heat source of a smoking article, in accordance with the invention, in which the air sucked through the smoking article for inhalation by the user passes through one or more airflow channels along the heat source.
[00172] In smoking articles according to the invention, which contain non-blind heat sources, heating of the aerosol-forming substrate occurs by conduction and convection. During use, when the user puffs on a smoking article according to the invention, which contains an unblinded heat source, the air is sucked towards the downstream part through one or more air flow channels. air along the heat source. The aspirated air passes through the aerosol-forming substrate and then towards the downstream part towards the mouth end of the smoking article.
[00173] The smoking articles according to the invention may contain non-blind heat sources including one or more airflow channels delimited along the heat source.
[00174] As used in this document, the term "delimited" is used to describe the airflow channels that are surrounded by the heat source along its length.
[00175] For example, smoking articles according to the invention may contain unblinded heat sources including one or more delimited airflow channels that extend through the interior of the heat source core along the entire length of the heat source.
[00176] As an alternative or in addition, the smoking articles according to the invention may contain unblinded heat sources including one or more air flow channels not bounded along the heat source.
[00177] For example, smoking articles according to the invention may contain unblinded heat sources including one or more non-delimited airflow channels that extend along the outside of the heat source over at least one downstream part of the heat source length.
[00178] In some embodiments, the smoking articles according to the invention may contain non-blind sources of heat including one, two or three air flow channels. In certain preferred embodiments, the smoking articles according to the invention contain unblinded heat sources including a single airflow channel that extends through the interior of the heat source core. In certain especially preferred embodiments, the smoking articles according to the invention contain unblinded heat sources including, substantially, a single axial or central airflow channel that extends through the interior of the heat source core. In such embodiments, the diameter of the single airflow channel is preferably between about 1.5 mm and about 3 mm.
[00179] It should be noted that when the smoking articles according to the invention contain a barrier comprising a barrier coating provided on a face of the downstream end of a non-blind heat source including one or more airflow channels along the heat source, the barrier coating must allow air to be sucked downstream through one or more airflow channels.
[00180] When the smoking articles according to the invention comprise non-blind heat sources, the smoking articles may further comprise a substantially impermeable barrier to non-combustible air between the heat source and one or more airflow channels to isolate the non-blind heat source from the air drawn in through the smoking article.
[00181] In some embodiments, the barrier may be adhered to or otherwise affixed to the heat source.
[00182] Preferably, the barrier contains a barrier coating provided on an interior surface of one or more airflow channels. More preferably, the barrier contains a barrier coating provided on at least, and substantially, the entire interior surface of one or more airflow channels. More preferably, the barrier contains a barrier coating provided over the entire interior surface of one or more airflow channels.
[00183] Alternatively, the barrier lining can be provided by inserting a lining within one or more airflow channels. For example, where smoking articles according to the invention contain unblinded heat sources including one or more airflow channels that extend through the interior of the heat source core, a hollow tube substantially impermeable to air and not combustible can be inserted into each or more of the airflow channels.
[00184] The barrier can advantageously and substantially prevent or inhibit combustion and decomposition products, formed during the ignition and combustion of the heat source core, from entering the aspirated air downstream along one or more airflow channels.
[00185] The barrier can also advantageously and substantially prevent or inhibit the activation of the combustion of the core of the heat source during the user's puffs.
[00186] Depending on the characteristics and the desired performance for the smoking article, the barrier may have a low thermal conductivity or a high thermal conductivity. Preferably, the barrier has a low thermal conductivity.
[00187] The thickness of the barrier can be adjusted appropriately to achieve a good smoking performance. In certain embodiments, the barrier can have a thickness between about 30 micrometers and a carcass of 200 micrometers. In a preferred embodiment, the barrier has a thickness between about 30 micrometers and about 100 micrometers.
[00188] The barrier can be made with one or more suitable materials that are substantial and thermally stable and non-combustible at temperatures reached by the heat source during the ignition and combustion of the core. Suitable materials are known in the art and include, but are not limited to, for example: clays; metal oxides, such as iron oxide, alumina, titania, silica, silica-alumina, zirconia and ceria; zeolites; zirconium phosphate; and other ceramic materials or combinations thereof.
[00189] The preferred materials, with which the barrier can be made, include clays, glass, aluminum, iron oxide and their combinations. If desired, catalytic ingredients, such as ingredients that promote the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, can be incorporated into the barrier. Suitable catalytic ingredients include, but are not limited to, for example, platinum, palladium, transition metals and their oxides.
[00190] When the smoking articles according to the invention include a barrier between an end downstream of the heat source and an end upstream of the aerosol-forming substrate and a barrier between the heat source and one or more air channels air flow along the heat source, the two barriers can be made with the same material (s) or with different material (s).
[00191] The smoking articles according to the invention may include an air flow directing element downstream of the aerosol forming substrate. The air flow directing element defines an air flow path and directs air from at least one air inlet along the air flow path and towards the mouth end of the smoking article.
[00192] The at least one air inlet is preferably disposed between an end downstream of the aerosol forming substrate and an end downstream of the airflow directing element. The air flow path preferably comprises a first part that extends longitudinally upstream, from at least one air inlet, towards the aerosol forming substrate, and a second part that extends longitudinally downstream of the first part towards the mouth end of the smoking article. During use, the air drawn into the smoking article, through at least one air inlet, passes upstream through the first part of the air flow path towards the aerosol-forming substrate and then passes downstream towards the mouth end of the smoking article, through the second part of the airflow path.
[00193] The air flow directing element may comprise a hollow body substantially impermeable to air and with an open end. In such embodiments, the exterior of the hollow body substantially impermeable to air and the open end defines one of the first part of the airflow path and the second part of the airflow path, and the interior of the hollow body substantially impermeable air and open-ended defines the other first part of the air flow path and the second part of the air flow path. Preferably, the exterior of the hollow body substantially impermeable to air and the open end defines the first part of the air flow path, and the interior of the hollow body, substantially impermeable to the air and open end defines the second part of the air flow path. air.
[00194] In a preferred embodiment, the hollow body substantially impermeable to air and with an open end is a cylinder, preferably a straight circular cylinder.
[00195] In another preferred embodiment, the hollow body substantially impermeable to air and with an open end is a truncated cone, preferably a truncated straight circular cone.
[00196] The hollow body substantially impermeable to air and with an open end may adjoin the aerosol-forming substrate. Alternatively, the substantially air-impermeable, open-ended hollow body may extend into the aerosol-forming substrate.
[00197] The hollow body substantially impermeable to air can be made with one or more suitable materials, impermeable to air, which are substantially and thermally stable at the temperature of the aerosol generated by the transfer of heat from the heat source to the aerosol-forming substrate . Suitable materials are known in the art and include, but are not limited to, cardboard, plastic, ceramics and combinations thereof.
[00198] The smoking articles according to the invention may also include an expansion chamber downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate and downstream of the airflow directing element, when present. The inclusion of an expansion chamber advantageously allows greater cooling of the aerosol generated by the transfer of heat, from the heat source to the aerosol-forming substrate. The expansion chamber also advantageously allows the total length of the smoking articles according to the invention to be adjusted to a desired value, for example, to a length similar to that of conventional cigarettes, by choosing the appropriate length expansion chamber. Preferably, the expansion chamber is an elongated hollow tube.
[00199] The smoking articles according to the invention may further include a mouthpiece located at the mouth end of the smoking article. In such embodiments, the nozzle is downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate and downstream of the airflow directing element and the expansion chamber, when present. Preferably, the nozzle is of low filtration efficiency, more preferably of very low filtration efficiency. The nozzle can be a single segment nozzle or a single component nozzle. Alternatively, the nozzle can be a multisegment or multicomponent nozzle.
[00200] The nozzle may comprise, for example, one or more filter segments containing cellulose acetate, paper or other known and suitable filter materials. Alternatively or in addition, the nozzle may comprise one or more segments containing absorbents, adsorbents, flavorings and other aerosol-modifying additives or combinations thereof.
[00201] Preferably, the smoking articles according to the invention contain an outer casing that circumscribes at least one rear part of the heat source, the aerosol-forming substrate and any other components of the smoking article downstream of the substrate. aerosol formation. The outer shell can be made of any suitable material or combination of materials. The materials are well known in the art and include, but are not limited to, cigarette paper.
[00202] If desired, ventilation can be provided at a location downstream from the heat source of the smoking articles according to the invention. For example, when present, ventilation can be provided at a location along the nozzle of the smoking articles according to the invention.
[00203] The smoking articles according to the invention can be assembled using known methods and machinery.
[00204] Features described in relation to one aspect of the invention may also be applicable to other aspects of the invention. In particular, the characteristics described in relation to the heat sources according to the invention can also be applicable to smoking articles according to the invention and vice versa.
[00205] The invention will be described below, by way of example only, with reference to the attached drawings in which:
[00206] Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a heat source according to the invention;
[00207] Figure 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a smoking article according to the invention; and
[00208] Figure 3 shows photographs that illustrate the results of ignition propensity tests performed on three smoking articles according to the invention and on a comparative smoking article, described in the Examples.
[00209] Heat source 2, shown in Figure 1, is a substantially cylindrical heat source with an upstream end 4 and an opposite downstream end 6 containing a substantially cylindrical combustible carbonaceous core 8 and an entire, annular, peripheral layer. thermal insulating and non-combustible 10. The core 8 extends from the upstream end 4 of the heat source 2 to the downstream end 6 of the heat source 2, and the peripheral layer 10 extends from the upstream end 4 of the heat source 2 over only part of the length of the heat source 2.
[00210] The peripheral layer 10 circumscribes an upstream part 12 of the core 8. As shown in Figure 1, a downstream part 14 of the core 8 is not circumscribed by the peripheral layer 10.
[00211] The diameter of the upstream part 12 of the core 8 is less than the diameter of the downstream part 14 of the core 8. The difference in diameter is substantially equal to twice the thickness of the peripheral layer 10. As a result, the source of heat 2 has a substantially constant diameter.
[00212] Some example dimensions are provided in Table 1 for a heat source 2, according to the invention, as shown in Figure 1. Dimension mm
TABLE 1
[00213] In certain embodiments, the upstream part 12 of the core 8, which is circumscribed by the peripheral layer 10, and the downstream part 14 of the core 8, which is not circumscribed by the peripheral layer 10, may have the same composition .
[00214] In other embodiments, the upstream part 12 of the core 8, which is circumscribed by the peripheral layer 10, can be a first layer of the core, and the downstream part 14 of the core 8, which is not circumscribed by the layer peripheral 10, can be a second core layer. In this case, the composition of the first layer is different from the composition of the second layer.
[00215] The smoking article 22, shown in Figure 2, is composed of a heat source 2, according to the invention, as shown in Figure 1, an aerosol-forming substrate 24, an air flow directing element air 26, an expansion chamber 28 and a contiguous coaxial alignment nozzle 30. The heat source 2, the aerosol forming substrate 24, the airflow directing element 26, the expansion chamber 28 and the nozzle 30 are enclosed in an outer wrapper 32 of low air permeable cigarette paper.
[00216] The aerosol forming substrate 24 is located immediately downstream of the heat source 2 and contains a cylindrical plug 34 of homogenized tobacco material, containing glycerin as an aerosol forming agent and circumscribed by the filter plug housing 36 .
[00217] A non-combustible barrier, substantially impermeable to air can be provided between the downstream end of the heat source 2 and the upstream end of the aerosol-forming substrate 24. For example, as shown in Figure 2, a non-barrier fuel, substantially impermeable to air and constituted by a non-combustible barrier coating, substantially impermeable to air 38, can be supplied across the face of the end downstream of the heat source 2.
[00218] The smoking article 22 still contains a combustion resistant and heat conducting housing 40 that is around, and in direct contact with a rear part 14b of the downstream part 14 of the core 8 of the heat source 2 and a contiguous front part 24a of the aerosol forming substrate 24. As shown in Figure 2, the back of the aerosol forming substrate 24 is not circumscribed by the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing 40. The combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing heat 40 consists of a tubular layer of aluminum foil.
[00219] An additional combustion-resistant housing and heat conductor 42, also consisting of an aluminum foil tube, circumscribes and is in direct contact with the outer housing 32. The combustion-resistant housing and additional heat-conducting 42 overlap to the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing 40, with housing 32 arranged between them. The length of the additional combustion-resistant housing and heat conductor 42 is greater than the length of the combustion-resistant housing and heat conductor 40. The additional combustion-resistant housing and heat conductor 42 therefore extends downstream beyond of the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing 40 and overlaps with a greater length of the aerosol-forming substrate 24.
[00220] The air flow directing element 26 is located downstream of the aerosol forming substrate 24 and comprises a truncated hollow cone, substantially impermeable to air and with an open end 44 made of, for example, cardboard. The downstream end of the open end truncated hollow cone 44 has substantially the same diameter as the aerosol forming substrate 24, and the upstream end of the open end truncated hollow cone 44 has a reduced diameter compared to the forming substrate of aerosol 24.
[00221] As shown in Figure 2, the upstream end of the truncated hollow cone, substantially impermeable to air and with open end 44 of the airflow directing element 26, extends into the aerosol forming substrate 24. As also shown in Figure 2, a circumferential arrangement of air intakes 46 is provided in the outer shell 32, circumscribing the truncated hollow cone, substantially impermeable to air and with an open end 44.
[00222] The expansion chamber 28 is located downstream of the airflow directing element 26 and contains a hollow tube with an open end 48 made of, for example, cardboard, which has substantially the same diameter as the substrate of aerosol formation 24.
[00223] The nozzle 30 of the smoking article 22 is located downstream of the expansion chamber 28 and contains a cylindrical plug 50 of cellulose acetate fiber of low filtration efficiency circumscribed by the housing of the filter plug 52. The nozzle 30 can be circumscribed by a strip of filter paper (not shown).
[00224] An air flow path extends between the air intakes 46 and the nozzle 30 of the smoking article 22. The volume bounded by the outside of the hollow cone with open end 44 of the air flow directing element 26 , and the outer casing 32 form a first part of the airflow path that extends longitudinally upstream of the air intakes 46 to the aerosol-forming substrate 24. The volume bounded by the interior of the hollow cone with open end 44, of the air flow guiding element 26, forms a second part of the air flow path that extends downstream longitudinally towards the nozzle 30 of the smoking article 22, between the aerosol forming substrate 24 and the expansion chamber 28 .
[00225] During use, when the consumer aspirates at the nozzle 30 of the smoking article 22, the cold air (indicated by the dashed arrows in Figure 2) is sucked into the smoking article 22 through the air intakes 46. The air aspirate passes upstream to the aerosol forming substrate 24, along the first part of the airflow path between the exterior of the open-ended hollow cone 44, the airflow directing element 26 and the outer shell 32.
[00226] The front part 24a of the aerosol forming substrate 24 is heated by conduction by means of the rear part 14b, contiguous with the downstream part 14, the core 8 of the heat source 2 and the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting housing 40. The combustion resistant housing and additional heat conductor 42 retains heat within the smoking article 22 to help maintain the temperature of the combustion resistant housing and heat conductor 40 during smoking. This, in turn, helps to maintain the temperature of the aerosol-forming substrate 24 to facilitate continuous and improved aerosol delivery. In addition, the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting shell 42 transfers heat along the aerosol-forming substrate 24, in addition to the downstream end of the combustion-resistant and heat-conducting shell 40. This helps to disperse the heat through of a larger volume of aerosol-forming substrate 24, which in turn helps to provide a more consistent aerosol distribution with each puff.
[00227] Heating the aerosol-forming substrate 24 releases volatile, semi-volatile compounds and glycerin from buffer 36 of the homogenized tobacco material, which forms an aerosol that is pulled into the aspirated air flowing through the aerosol-forming substrate 24. The aspirated air and the pulled aerosol (indicated by the dashed and dotted arrows in Figure 2) pass downstream along the second part of the air flow path, through the interior of the hollow cone with open end 44 of the air flow targeting element air 26, to the expansion chamber 28, where they cool and condense. The cooled aerosol then passes downstream through the nozzle 30 of the smoking article 22 into the consumer's mouth.
[00228] The barrier coating, substantially impermeable to air and non-combustible 38, provided on the face of the downstream end of the heat source 2, isolates the heat source 2 from the air flow path through the smoking article 22 from such. so that, during use, the air sucked through the smoking article 22, along the first part and the second part of the air flow path, does not come into direct contact with the heat source 2.
[00229] The entire peripheral, annular, thermal insulating and non-combustible layer 10, which circumscribes the upstream part 12 of the core 8 of the heat source 2, helps to reduce the propensity for ignition of the smoking article 22 during and after use , reducing the temperature of the part of the heat source 2 that is not circumscribed by the combustion resistant housing and heat conductor 40 and the combustion resistant housing and additional heat conductor 42.
[00230] Some examples of dimensions are provided in Table 2 with respect to a smoking article 2, according to the invention, as shown in Figure 2, which is composed of a heat source 2, according to the invention, as shown in Figure 1, having the dimensions indicated in Table 1. Distance from the end upstream of the heat source (mm)
TABLE 2 EXAMPLES
[00231] The smoking articles according to the invention, as shown in Figure 2 and which have the dimensions shown in Table 2, are assembled manually, using the heat sources 2 according to the invention, as shown in Figure 1, that have the composition indicated in Table 3 and the dimensions shown in Tables 1 and 3.
[00232] For comparative purposes, smoking articles of the same construction and dimensions are assembled manually using heat sources with the same dimensions and with the composition shown in Table 3.
[00233] All heat sources are made by manual pressing.
[00234] The propensity for ignition of smoking articles is tested with three repetitions. Ten Whatman filters are placed on top of a standard filter holder and three pieces of cardboard are used to limit airflow disturbance.
[00235] The heat sources of smoking articles are lit using a yellow flame igniter. The color on the surface of the heat sources changes when they are lit due to the movement downstream of a deflagration front from the upstream end to the downstream end of the heat sources. Thirty seconds after the deflagration front reaches the downstream end of the heat source, the smoking articles are placed horizontally on top of the ten Whatman filters.
[00236] Smoking articles are left in the Whatman filters until they go out or for at least 10 minutes. The Whatman filters are then removed from the filter holder and a picture of each of the ten Whatman filters is taken.
[00237] The photographs of the first (which is higher), third, sixth and tenth (which is lower) Whatman filters replicas of a representative smoking article according to each example shown in Table 3 are shown in Figure 3. Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative example Peripheral layer, thermal insulating and non-combustible

TABLE 3
[00238] As shown in Figure 3, the first, third, sixth and tenth filters of the comparative example of the smoking article are all marked. In contrast, the third, sixth and tenth filters of smoking articles according to the invention of Examples 1, 2 and 4 are not marked, and the sixth and tenth of smoking articles according to the invention of Example 3 are not marked.
[00239] This demonstrates that the provision of an entire peripheral layer, thermal insulating and non-combustible, which circumscribes a part upstream of the combustible carbonaceous core of the heat sources according to the invention, reduces the surface temperature of the smoking articles of according to the invention and therefore its propensity to ignition.
[00240] The embodiments and examples described above illustrate, but do not limit the invention. Other embodiments of the invention can be made and it is to be understood that the specific embodiments and examples described in this document are not limiting.

权利要求:
Claims (14)
[0001]
1. A smoking article comprising: a blind heat source (2) having an upstream end (4) and an opposite downstream end (6), the blind heat source (2) comprising a combustible carbonaceous core (8) , wherein the core (8) extends from the upstream end (4) of the blind heat source (2) to the downstream end (6) of the blind heat source (2); and an aerosol-forming substrate (24) downstream of the blind heat source (2); characterized by the fact that: the blind heat source (2) comprises an entire non-combustible, thermally insulating peripheral layer (10), in which the peripheral layer (10) extends from the upstream end (4) of the source blind heat (2) only partially along the length of the blind heat source (2) and circumscribes an upstream portion (12) of the core (8); and a heat conductive and combustion resistant housing (40) around and in direct contact with an upstream portion (24a) of the aerosol forming substrate (24) and a downstream portion (14b) of the source core (8) blind heat (2).
[0002]
A smoking article according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the length of the peripheral layer (10) is at least 2 mm less than the length of the blind heat source (2).
[0003]
Smoking article according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the diameter of the blind heat source (2) is constant.
[0004]
Smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the peripheral layer (10) comprises at least 90% dry weight of thermally insulating material.
[0005]
Smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the peripheral layer (10) comprises at least one precursor material which decomposes to form at least one thermally insulating material after igniting the core (8).
[0006]
Smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the peripheral layer (10) comprises at least one thermally insulating material selected from the group consisting of clays, white ceramics, technical ceramics and rocks .
[0007]
Smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the peripheral layer (10) comprises at least one thermally insulating material selected from the group consisting of diatomaceous earth, plaster and bentonite.
[0008]
Smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the core (8) comprises at least one ignition aid.
[0009]
A smoking article according to claim 8, characterized in that the core (8) comprises: a first layer comprising carbon; and a second layer comprising at least one ignition aid, wherein the composition of the first layer is different from the composition of the second layer.
[0010]
10. Smoking article according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the second layer further comprises carbon.
[0011]
11. Smoking article according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the first layer further comprises at least one ignition aid.
[0012]
Smoking article according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the first layer comprises carbon and at least one ignition aid and the second layer comprises carbon and at least one ignition aid, wherein the dry weight ratio of carbon to the ignition aid in the first layer is different from the dry weight ratio of carbon to the ignition aid in the second layer.
[0013]
Smoking article according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the second layer is downstream of the first layer.
[0014]
14. Smoking article according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the heat-conducting and combustion-resistant housing (40) is around and in direct contact with at least a portion downstream of the second core layer ( 8) from the blind heat source (2).

类似技术:

---

公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题

---

BR112015004678B1|2021-04-13|SMOKING ITEM

---

ES2663344T3|2018-04-12|Smoking article comprising an insulated combustible heat source

---

BR112016001068B1|2021-08-03|SMOKING ARTICLE WITH SINGLE RADIALLY SEPARATE HEAT CONDUCTING ELEMENT

---

BR112014017614B1|2020-10-06|SMOKING ARTICLE AND METHOD TO REDUCE OR ELIMINATE TEMPERATURE INCREASES IN AN AEROSOL FORMATION SUBSTRATE

---

ES2634662T3|2017-09-28|Smoking item with a pair of heat conductive elements and an improved air flow

---

BR112016011533B1|2021-05-18|smoking article with a valve

---

BR112015012068B1|2021-07-06|smoking article comprising an airflow directing element

---

BR112013030763B1|2021-06-08|combustible heat source for a smoking article

---

ES2740130T3|2020-02-05|Smoking article with a pair of non-overlapping radially conductive heat elements

---

BR112014018734B1|2020-11-17|smoke article, combustible thermal source, and process of reducing or eliminating increases in temperature of an aerosol-forming substrate of a smoking article

---

TWI657752B|2019-05-01|Smoking article comprising a blind combustible heat source

---

BR112014020679B1|2021-06-15|MULTI-LAYER FUEL HEAT SOURCE AND SMOKING ARTICLE

---

BR112016028523B1|2022-01-18|SMOKING ARTICLE, FUEL HEAT SOURCE ASSEMBLY AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

---

BR112016000830B1|2021-09-28|SMOKING ARTICLE COMPRISING A FUEL HEAT SOURCE WITH AT LEAST ONE AIRFLOW CHANNEL

同族专利:

---

公开号 | 公开日

---

RU2760721C2|2021-11-29|

---

TWI674850B|2019-10-21|

---

UA115563C2|2017-11-27|

---

US10779569B2|2020-09-22|

---

KR102163890B1|2020-10-13|

---

PT2892372T|2017-04-05|

---

RU2015112304A|2016-10-27|

---

EP2892372B1|2017-03-22|

---

AU2013311849B2|2018-02-01|

---

MX2015002845A|2015-05-15|

---

TW201811207A|2018-04-01|

---

PH12015500130B1|2015-03-02|

---

TW201417729A|2014-05-16|

---

RU2017141939A|2019-02-13|

---

ES2625546T3|2017-07-19|

---

KR20150048869A|2015-05-07|

---

PH12015500130A1|2015-03-02|

---

IN2015DN00567A|2015-06-26|

---

ZA201500373B|2016-09-28|

---

EP2892372A1|2015-07-15|

---

US20150216231A1|2015-08-06|

---

WO2014037270A1|2014-03-13|

---

RU2017141939A3|2021-05-12|

---

PL2892372T3|2017-07-31|

---

NZ705807A|2017-05-26|

---

JP2019129838A|2019-08-08|

---

JP2015527073A|2015-09-17|

---

JP6506690B2|2019-04-24|

---

IL236985A|2018-12-31|

---

CN104602554B|2017-06-20|

---

AU2013311849A1|2015-03-19|

---

CN104602554A|2015-05-06|

---

CA2880478A1|2014-03-13|

---

BR112015004678A2|2017-07-04|

---

MY171394A|2019-10-10|

---

HK1208787A1|2016-03-18|

---

AR092398A1|2015-04-22|

---

SG11201501647QA|2015-04-29|

引用文献:

---

公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

---

---

BE758347A|1970-03-17|1971-05-03|Universal Propulsion Cy|THERMO-INSULATION MATERIAL|

---

US3994895A|1974-10-21|1976-11-30|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy|Product and process for protecting split line of a movable nozzle|

---

US4535002A|1982-01-29|1985-08-13|Kirkhuff, Shield & Fink|Process for rendering a material fire retardant|

---

IN166122B|1985-08-26|1990-03-17|Reynolds Tobacco Co R|

---

US4793365A|1984-09-14|1988-12-27|R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Smoking article|

---

CN1018607B|1984-12-21|1992-10-14|美国耳·杰·瑞诺兹烟草公司|Smoking article|

---

US4756318A|1985-10-28|1988-07-12|R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Smoking article with tobacco jacket|

---

US5076297A|1986-03-14|1991-12-31|R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Method for preparing carbon fuel for smoking articles and product produced thereby|

---

US4771795A|1986-05-15|1988-09-20|R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Smoking article with dual burn rate fuel element|

---

US4819665A|1987-01-23|1989-04-11|R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Aerosol delivery article|

---

US5076296A|1988-07-22|1991-12-31|Philip Morris Incorporated|Carbon heat source|

---

GB8819291D0|1988-08-12|1988-09-14|British American Tobacco Co|Improvements relating to smoking articles|

---

US5040551A|1988-11-01|1991-08-20|Catalytica, Inc.|Optimizing the oxidation of carbon monoxide|

---

US4892783A|1988-11-10|1990-01-09|General Electric Company|Tri-element carbon based heat shield|

---

US5129409A|1989-06-29|1992-07-14|R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Extruded cigarette|

---

US5065776A|1990-08-29|1991-11-19|R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Cigarette with tobacco/glass fuel wrapper|

---

US5095921A|1990-11-19|1992-03-17|Philip Morris Incorporated|Flavor generating article|

---

US5247949A|1991-01-09|1993-09-28|Philip Morris Incorporated|Method for producing metal carbide heat sources|

---

CN1059565A|1991-08-14|1992-03-18|黑龙江矿业学院|Sub-temperature quench for improving cutting property of quenched and tempered steel|

---

CA2079495A1|1991-10-03|1993-04-04|John H. Kolts|Smoking article with co oxidation catalyst|

---

JPH07330403A|1994-06-10|1995-12-19|Suchiraito Kogyo Kk|Refractory coating composition|

---

US5944025A|1996-12-30|1999-08-31|Brown & Williamson Tobacco Company|Smokeless method and article utilizing catalytic heat source for controlling products of combustion|

---

KR100587849B1|2001-12-28|2006-06-12|니뽄 다바코 산교 가부시키가이샤|Smoking implement|

---

US20050172976A1|2002-10-31|2005-08-11|Newman Deborah J.|Electrically heated cigarette including controlled-release flavoring|

---

JP4388960B2|2003-09-30|2009-12-24|アール・ジエイ・レイノルズ・タバコ・カンパニー|Smoking sticks for cigarettes|

---

RU2357623C2|2005-01-06|2009-06-10|Джапан Тобакко Инк.|Carbon-bearing compound for fabrication of non-combustible smoking product heating element|

---

US9220301B2|2006-03-16|2015-12-29|R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Smoking article|

---

WO2007119678A1|2006-04-11|2007-10-25|Japan Tobacco Inc.|Carbonaceous heat source composition for non-combustible smoking article and non-combustible smoking article|

---

US8061361B2|2007-08-10|2011-11-22|Philip Morris Usa Inc.|Distillation-based smoking article|

---

RU2010148804A|2008-06-25|2012-07-27|Джапан Тобакко Инк. |SMOKING PRODUCT|

---

US8464726B2|2009-08-24|2013-06-18|R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Segmented smoking article with insulation mat|

---

JP5855637B2|2010-03-26|2016-02-09|フィリップ・モーリス・プロダクツ・ソシエテ・アノニム|Smoking articles containing heat-resistant sheet material|

---

WO2013043299A2|2011-09-20|2013-03-28|R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Segmented smoking article with substrate cavity|

---

US8839799B2|2010-05-06|2014-09-23|R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Segmented smoking article with stitch-bonded substrate|

---

US20120042885A1|2010-08-19|2012-02-23|James Richard Stone|Segmented smoking article with monolithic substrate|

---

EP2680714B1|2011-03-04|2019-12-04|R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Method of imparting reduced ignition propensity to smoking articles using phase transition materials|

---

RU110608U1|2011-08-12|2011-11-27|Сергей Павлович Кузьмин|ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE|

---

UA67598U|2011-08-26|2012-02-27|Дмитрий Юрьевич Рогов|Electronic cigarette|

---

JP6145457B2|2011-12-29|2017-06-14|フィリップ・モーリス・プロダクツ・ソシエテ・アノニム|Composite heat source for smoking articles|PL3363306T3|2014-05-21|2021-01-25|Philip Morris Products S.A.|An electrically heated aerosol-generating system with coated heater element|

---

SI3160275T1|2014-06-27|2018-10-30|Philip Morris Products S.A.|Smoking article comprising a combustible heat source and holder and method of manufacture thereof|

---

EP3319465A1|2015-07-06|2018-05-16|Philip Morris Products S.a.s.|Method for manufacturing an inductively heatable aerosol-forming substrate|

---

US10314334B2|2015-12-10|2019-06-11|R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Smoking article|

---

DK3187057T3|2015-12-31|2018-05-28|Philip Morris Products Sa|AEROSOL GENERATING ITEMS INCLUDING A HEAT CONDUCTIVE ELEMENT AND A SURFACE TREATMENT|

---

TW201801618A|2016-05-31|2018-01-16|菲利浦莫里斯製品股份有限公司|Aerosol-generating article with an insulated heat source|

---

WO2017207672A1|2016-05-31|2017-12-07|Philip Morris Products S.A.|Aerosol-generating article with an insulated heat source|

---

US11096415B2|2016-05-31|2021-08-24|Philip Morris Products S.A.|Heated aerosol-generating article with liquid aerosol-forming substrate and combustible heat generating element|

---

CN108102756A|2017-12-22|2018-06-01|安徽中烟工业有限责任公司|A kind of low-temperature burning source materials|

---

CN108041687B|2017-12-22|2020-11-27|安徽中烟工业有限责任公司|Aerosol-generating article with low temperature combustion heat source|

---

EP3793382A1|2018-05-17|2021-03-24|Philip Morris Products S.a.s.|Multi-segment component with intumescent coating|

---

JPWO2020070844A1|2018-10-03|2021-09-02|日本たばこ産業株式会社|Lighter and smoking system for carbon heat source type flavor aspirators|

---

WO2020070843A1|2018-10-03|2020-04-09|日本たばこ産業株式会社|Combustion type lighter for carbon heat source type flavor inhalation tool, and smoking system|

---

CN111938191B|2019-05-17|2022-02-18|南京理工大学|Cigarette with heating function and without combustion by using energy-containing base heat source|

---

EP3922115A4|2019-05-28|2022-01-12|China Tobacco Yunnan Ind Co Ltd|Disposable dual-channel cigarette and preparation method therefor|

---

WO2021110775A1|2019-12-05|2021-06-10|Philip Morris Products S.A.|Combustible heat source comprising carbon and calcium peroxide|

法律状态:
2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

---

2019-10-08| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

---

2020-11-17| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

---

2021-02-02| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

---

2021-04-13| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 29/08/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

---

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

---

EP12182972|2012-09-04|

---

EP12182972.5|2012-09-04|

---

PCT/EP2013/067871|WO2014037270A1|2012-09-04|2013-08-29|Insulated heat source|

---